Canadian and International Law - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1665 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Type Compare and contrast essay Level High school Topics: Freedom Essay Did you like this example? Human Rights Violations Freedom of Expression If individuals were asked to immediately list a few things that they could not imagine life without, many would instantly think of food, water, family, and shelter. However, equally important are the rights that humans must be provided with by the country in which they reside in. Even if one had all the things previously mentioned, they would not be very useful if one was not allowed to live by his/her wishes. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Canadian and International Law" essay for you Create order Everyone is a rational being who deserves to be treated with dignity and a set of universal human rights that no one is exempt from, regardless of their ethnicity, gender, religion, age, sexual orientation, marital status, or disability. Yet, all over the world, various countries are denying its citizens these rights, for baseless reasons. For example, some are violating Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. It states that, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; including freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media regardless of frontiers; orally, in writing, print, in the form of art, or through any other media of his choice. The exercise of the rights provided of this article carries with it special duties and responsibilities. It may therefore be subject to certain restrictions, but these shall only be such as are provided by law and are necessary: 1. For respect of the rights or reputations of others; and 2. For the protection of national security or of public order, or of public health or morals,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (The United Nations). In particular, this essay will focus on the countries violating Article 19, as it is inhumane and immoral for journalists and the media to be living their lives in constant fear; Pakistan, Russia, South Korea, Germany, and Libya. An example of an Article 19 violation is that of journalist attacks by the Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI) in Pakistan. The ISI is the militaryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s spy agency, whose officers had abducted and killed journalist Saleem Shahzad, in May of 2011. Amnesty International and many other human rights organizations have sent an open letter to Pakistanà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Prime Minister, Nawaz Sharif, to punish those who have been attacking independent journalists. Shahzad was a correspondent for the Asia Times Online, and was abducted in broad daylight in Islamabad , the nationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s capital. His body was two days later with marks of torture. He had written articles about sensitive national security issues, including infiltration of the Pakistani military by Al-Qaeda, and the countryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s relationship with the Taliban. Several months before his death, Shahzad had friends that he had received death threats from the ISI. Although the Pakistani government did set up a high-level investigation in 2011, related evidence has somehow disappeared, and no one has been brought to justice yet (Amnesty International Press Releases). If nothing is done about this situation, this encourages further violence and danger toward the media in Pakistan. Last month, a journalist named Hamid Mir just narrowly escaped a murder attempt in Karachi, and accused the ISI for the attack. In a report released last month by Amnesty International, it indicates that many of the harassments, intimidations, and abuse to journalists, have been comm itted by the ISI. So far, 34 journalists have been killed on the job since 2008, but the perpetrators have been brought to justice in only one of them. There has been increased tension between the countryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s largest private broadcaster Geo TV and the authorities, due to accusations regarding journalist Hamid Mir. In addition, some journalists from the Jang Media Group have reported to Amnesty International that they have received threats and harassment by phone and in person. Many are scared to enter their offices or confirm their association with Geo TV and other media outlets, due to fear of being attacked. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“It is particularly disappointing that rival media channels and some political parties have joined to attack Jang Media Group, rather than demand a full and impartial investigation of the circumstances surrounding the attack on Hamid Mir,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  said David Griffiths (Amnesty International Press Releases). Some government officials have al so tried to remove Geo TV from being broadcasted for allegedly commenting against them. There has also been a disruption of around 80 per cent of Jang Media Groupà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s distribution in print and on the air, under the orders of the Pakistani military. Nawaz Sharif needs to follow through on the commitments he made, to allow journalism and accurate news reporting. This holds true especially for those reporting on national security, human rights, and in areas of violence. The failure to arrest those responsible for attacks on journalists, sends a signal that violence is acceptable. According to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), Pakistan should ensure that the media is permitted to carry out its role of conveying the truth and facts to the public on important issues. The country must also follow the United Nations Plan of Action on the Safety of Journalists and the Issue of Impunity, to improve the working conditions of journalists in Pak istan (Amnesty International). Russia has also repressed political dissent, pressured, and shut down independent media and harassed nongovernmental organizations in 2010. Peaceful public demonstrations were stopped with force, where lawyers, activists, and journalists were threatened and attacked. Since 2000, the murders of seventeen journalists all unhappy with government policies and actions remain unsolved. There were numerous reports of citizens being unable to exercise their opinions in regional elections to change their government. Journalists were intimidated, attacked, killed, physically abused by law enforcement officers, and given life-threatening prison conditions. Some were arbitrarily detained, the government infringed on freedoms of speech and expression, and major independent media outlets were forced to refrain from critical coverage (United States Department of State Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor). The Internet was the only way citizens were able to access information, due to the lack of coverage by state-controlled media. The reason being that corruption was widespread throughout all levels of government. Another example happened in September of 2012, in Germany, where several journalists were beaten during a demonstration, as they were taking photos for the news. They were forced to destroy all the videotapes and pictures. In addition, in South Korea, a photojournalist, Lee Si-woo, was arrested in April of 2007, as the government did not like what he was writing about the military. The South Korean National Security Law was very vaguely worded, on purpose, so that individuals would have a difficult time in fighting the charges laid against them. The news he was reporting was obtained legally, and he had abided the Freedom of Information laws, which is why he must be dropped of the charges (Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Belarus). One more major issue occurred in Benghazi, Libya, on May 26 of this yea r. A journalist, Muftah Abu Zeid, was killed for publicly going against the crimes that an armed group had committed. It is believed that he was shot dead, since he was delivering copies of the Burniq newspaper, in which he would regularly comment on the current state of the countryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s political affairs; especially the assassinations by armed groups. He had already received several death threats previously via his phone and Facebook, but was unable to report them to the police, as the criminal justice system was not properly functioning in Benghazi. The Libyan government needs to take action and make a full inquiry as to the sequence of events, and capture those responsible (Amnesty International: Public Statement). In the past, other newspaper correspondents have seen their offices attacked, with grenades and vandalism. Some journalists have been pushed into self-censorship, hiding, and abandonment of their profession as well. Although the government did condemn Muf tahà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s assassination, the authorities have yet to conduct a thorough investigation. It is important to note that these attacks against police stations, courts, judges, and security officers are slowing down the processes to repairing the justice system in place. All these countries need to raise their standards concerning its international and domestic laws, in order to protect the rights to life and security of the person. The authorities need to also keep in mind the right to freedom of expression, by ensuring that journalists are safely able to report on sensitive topics, without the constant fear of threats, and physical attacks. Works Cited Amnesty International Press Releases. Pakistan must investigate Inter-Services Intelligence over attacks against journalists. 30 May 2014. 31 May 2014 lt;https://www.amnesty.org/en/for-media/press-releases/pakistan-must-investigate-inter-services-intelligence-over-attacks-against-gt;. Amnesty International. Freedom of Expression. 2014. 23 May 2014 lt;https://www.amnesty.org/en/freedom-of-expressiongt;. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ . Open Letter to the Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif Joint statement of shared concerns about attacks on journalists in Pakistan. 29 May 2014. 30 May 2014 lt;https://www.amnesty.org/en/library/asset/ASA33/010/2014/en/1db00c91-6444-4a3a-91e9-35512370a875/asa330102014en.pdfgt;. Amnesty International: Public StatementL. Libya: Journalist killed for denouncing abuses by armed group. 29 May 2014. 31 May 2014 lt;https://www.amnesty.org/en/library/asset/MDE19/004/2014/en/929ab91b-3145-4f09-923c-1301f1a76344/mde190042014en.pdfgt;. Human Rights. A Summary of United Nations Agreements on Human Rights. 25 January 1997. 22 May 2014 lt;https://www.hrweb.org/legal/cpr.html#Article 19.2gt;. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Belarus. Human Rights Violations in Certain Countries 2012. 2012. 26 May 2014 lt;https://mfa.gov.by/upload/Report2012_eng.pdfgt;. The United Nations. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights: Preamble Article 19. 2014. 24 May 2014 lt;https://www.un.org/en/documents/udhr/index.shtml#a19gt;. United For Human Rights. Human Rights Violations: Article 19 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬  Freedom of Expression . 2014. 20 May 2014 lt;https://www.humanrights.com/what-are-human-rights/violations-of-human-rights/expression.htmlgt;. United States Department of State Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor. Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2011 . 2011. 24 May 2014 lt;https://www.state.gov/documents/organization/186609.pdfgt;. 1

The Challenge Between Civilization and Savagery in Lord...

In the novel Lord of the Flies by William Golding, symbolism and allegories were used to show how the children who are stranded on an island have a huge struggle with civilization and savagery. Ralph, Piggy, Jack, and Simon are the ones in the novel that struggle with this the most. Golding wrote this story because he was horrified of Stalinism in Russia. His experience in World War II effected his view on humanity and evils that are capable of occurring. Ralph, Piggy, and Simon are manifested with the civilizing instinct, while Jack, Roger, and the other hunters have the savage instinct. Golding also dealt with human nature. Jean-Jacques Rousseau believed that man is good, but Golding controverts his philosophy. Golding believes†¦show more content†¦Through out the book, Ralph struggles with his civilization and savagery. An example is when he joins Jack and his tribe of what they thought was the Beast. Over a period of time, Ralph beings to lose the way that he thinks. You can see signs of this when he has a hard time developing an agenda for his meetings with the boys. He also beings to lose his morals and self control. Ralph becomes savage after everyone has joined Jacks new tribe. He has always been savage because everyone has savagery in them. He truly shows his savage side when he murdered Simon. It was a night on the beach while everyone is around a fire. The boys start to chant for the beast to come out. Everyone is in the moment and something from the woods comes out onto the beach. A thing was crawling out of the forest(Golding152). They start attacking what they think is the beast. Once they stop Ralph then realizes that they have killed Simon. The next morning, Ralph is the only person to acknowledge that they murdered someone the night before. This is the only time that Ralph becomes savage. He knows what he has just done was an awful thing, but at the same time it gave him an adrenaline rush. He was excited about what he did. In the end, Ralph gained an understanding of mans human nature character, something that he cant acquire. Under the authority of Ralph, second in line was a kid named Piggy. Piggy is a symbol of science, intellectuality, and the rational world.Show MoreRelatedWilliam Goldings Lord of the Flies Essay1255 Words   |  6 PagesThe Beast that Kills Slowly Savagery is the condition of being primitive, uncivilized or the quality of being fierce or cruel (Google). It is something that comes easy to everyone at certain times in our life. People will learn it is harder to be good than bad. Being bad comes natural to everyone; people like the thrill of taking a chance. People are trained to be civil and polite from the time one grows up and it is not that hard because of the society everyone lives in. 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For example they share similar themes and meanings. Animal Farm, b y George Orwell, is about a story that takes place on a farm that is run by all animals after getting rid of the owner Mr. Jones. When he leaves, a pig named Napoleon quickly becomes leader of all the animals and causes the farm to fall into a dictatorship instead of a Utopian society. This book captures andRead MoreLord of the Flies by William Golding2631 Words   |  10 PagesThe English novelist William Golding often reflects on the common theme of man’s savagery and inability to avoid one’s evil and primitive nature. Man often tries to avoid this return to a basic state just like the boys in Lord of the Flies: â€Å"Weve got to have rules and obey them. After all, were not savages. Were English, and the English are best at everything† (40). One cannot escape the inevitable however as seen in Golding’s next novel, The Inheritors: â€Å"They killed Nil and threw her into theRead MoreArchetype Analysis of Lord of the Flies2467 Words   |  10 PagesAb stract: William Golding won the Nobel Prize for literature in 1983, for his first writing Lord of the Flies, in which symbolism is wildly used and attributes lots of symbolic meanings to the characters and events. The story thus becomes vivid and profound. This paper aims at using Swiss psychologist Carl Gustav Jung’s collective unconscious and archetypal theories to interpret the archetypes of characters, natural scenes and themes. Key words: symbolism, Lord of the Flies, collective unconscious

Compensation Strategies free essay sample

This paper analyzes and discusses compensation strategies, how they affect workers and why they are necessary in the IT industry. The following paper examines the way in which the basic use of incentives and compensation strategies are critical components to create an environment where the employees not only feel secure about their jobs, but are also committed and motivated to the organization. The writer discusses how employees must contribute to the fullest to achieve the organizations goals in todays changing world. This paper discusses how business environment managers have to do more than just providing employees with tactical targets, such as bonus for selling or completing certain products or projects. Compensation is without a doubt a major management objective in any organization to include in its workforce quality and skilled employees that would increase productivity and keep up the pace with changing technology. An organization stresses a lot of importance on compensation strategy because of the changing face of technology and to keep up with the speed organizations need skilled and expert employees and to have the best of them it needs to develop some sort of strategy to attract the workers. We will write a custom essay sample on Compensation Strategies or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The major factors influencing the compensation are essential value of the job, internal equities, and market correction through inflation and external equities. In the IT industry today there is a desperate shortage of skills particularly in the software industry; with severe competition and shortage in the industry the old conventional methods of attracting employees have been torn apart. As economies fluctuate, the software industry in particular have affected and now more than ever before companies needs to react to a changing marketplace by continually evaluating corporate goals and then re-aligning employees.

Othello As Iago Essays - Othello, Iago, Michael Cassio, Emilia

Othello As Iago As villain in Shakespeare's play Othello, Iago has two main actions. They are to plot and to deceive. Iago hates Othello for two reasons. He believes that Othello made love to his wife, and Iago is mad that Cassio was chosen to be Lieutenant instead of himself. From this hate comes the main conflict of the play. Iago plans to ruin Othello by carrying out a plan based on lies and deceit. This plan will make Iago the only person that Othello believes he can trust, and Iago will use this trust to manipulate Othello. First, Iago plans to remove Cassio from his position as lieutenant so that he himself take over Cassio's position as confidant and Lieutenant to Othello. Then Iago hopes to convince Othello that Cassio and Desdemona are having an affair. If Iago's plan unfolds properly, he will be granted the revenge that he believes he deserves. Iago's plan and his motives are disclosed through a series three of conversations. He speaks with Roderigo twice and Cassio once. These three conversations show how Iago manipulates others to gain his own ends, and they also give motives for Iago's behavior. The conversations all follow the same pattern. Iago first speaks with Roderigo and Cassio to forward his plan, and then Iago has a soliloquy in which he discusses his motives. Iago states that the reasons for his hate are that Othello slept with Emilia and Cassio was chosen to be Othello's Lieutenant. However, Iago's actions lead to ends that do not revenge his given motives. Coleridge calls Iago's actions "the motive-hunting of a motiveless malignity" . In other words, Iago's only reason for destroying Othello is that Iago is an inherently bad person. The conversations that Iago has with Roderigo and Cassio show that Iago invents reasons for his actions against Othello, so that his own selfish ends can be met. Iago's first dialog with Roderigo serves as an introduction to Iago's plan. In this scene the reader learns that Roderigo is in love with Desdemona, because he threatens to drown himself when he learns that Othello and Desdemona are engaged. Uses Roderigo's weakness to help him remove Cassio from his lieutenant position. Iago tells Roderigo to "put money in thy purse" (333) . Iago believes that Othello and Desdemona will not be together for a very long time since Othello is a Moor and Desdemona is an aristocrat. Iago urges Roderigo to earn money now so that he can be an eligible suitor when Desdemona is looking for another husband. This conversation and the soliloquy following it introduce the two different sides of Iago. Iago tells Roderigo what he wants to hear in order to enlist his help. However, in the following soliloquy the reader is introduced to what Iago really has planned. He states that he would never associate with someone like Roderigo except to gain his own ends. "Thus do I ever make my fool my purse--/ For I mine own gained knowledge should profane/ If I would time expand with such a snipe/ But for my sport and profit" (365-368). Iago feels that Roderigo is a foolish man who exists only for Iago's use or "sport." This idea a strengthened by the word "snipe". The Arden Shakespeare defines snipe as "fool" (p. 159) and states that the word meant "gull or dupe" (p. 159) before Shakespeare. These definitions emphasize the fact that Iago feels no respect for Roderigo and is manipulating Roderigo only to further his plan. In the same speech, Iago's real plan is revealed only to the audience. Iago wants to convince Othello that Cassio and Desdemona are in love. They are the two people that Othello trusts, and if Othello believes that they have turned on him, this will lead to his downfall. Iago plans to tell Othello that Cassio and Desdemona are having an affair. Cassio is a ladies man, and Iago believes that Cassio's charm makes women fall in love with him. Iago will make the innocent flirtations of Cassio and Desdemona seem like secret love to Othello. "After some time to abuse Othello's ears/ That he is too familiar with his wife/ He hath a person and a smooth dispose/ To be suspected, framed to make women false" (378-380). Iago planted a seed of hope in Roderigo, and the next time they speak Iago uses this hope to turn Roderigo against Cassio. In this scene Iago tells Roderigo that "Desdemona is directly in love with [Cassio]" (215). From there previous discussion, Roderigo believes that